Which of the following is a symptom of Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome?

Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS) is a serious and potentially life-threatening condition usually associated with the use of antipsychotic medications. One of the hallmark symptoms of NMS is altered consciousness, which can manifest as confusion, delirium, or even stupor, along with significant muscle rigidity. This muscular rigidity differs from typical anxiety-related restlessness and is often described as "lead-pipe" rigidity. The presence of altered mental status and severe muscle stiffness indicates a disturbance in the central nervous system that is characteristic of NMS.

The symptoms can escalate quickly and other features might include autonomic dysregulation, such as fluctuations in blood pressure, increased heart rate, and hyperthermia. This combination of altered consciousness and muscle rigidity is critical for identifying NMS, allowing for timely intervention and management of the syndrome. Recognizing these symptoms is essential for nursing practice and emergency response in psychiatric care.