Which class of drugs is typically used to treat anxiety disorders?

Benzodiazepines are commonly used in the treatment of anxiety disorders due to their ability to provide rapid relief from anxiety symptoms. They function by enhancing the effects of a neurotransmitter called gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which leads to a calming effect on the brain and nervous system. This makes them particularly useful for short-term management of acute anxiety episodes and in situations such as panic attacks.

While other classes of medication, such as antidepressants, can also be effective for anxiety disorders, particularly in the long term, benzodiazepines are specifically recognized for their immediate efficacy. They are often prescribed for their anxiolytic properties and are favored for their quick onset of action, which helps patients manage their anxiety more acutely.

In contrast, beta-blockers are generally used for physical symptoms of anxiety, like rapid heartbeat, rather than directly treating anxiety itself, and antipsychotics are primarily utilized for conditions like schizophrenia or severe mood disorders rather than anxiety disorders. Therefore, benzodiazepines stand out as the primary class of drugs targeted specifically for treating anxiety.