What is a significant risk associated with the use of Lithium Carbonate?

Lithium carbonate is primarily used in the treatment of bipolar disorder and has a narrow therapeutic index, which makes lithium toxicity a significant concern. This risk arises because lithium levels can quickly become elevated, especially with changes in hydration status, renal function, or medication interactions. Symptoms of lithium toxicity can include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, drowsiness, confusion, tremors, and in severe cases, it can lead to seizures, coma, or even death.

The careful monitoring of lithium levels in patients is essential, as maintaining lithium within therapeutic ranges helps prevent toxicity. Healthcare providers often educate patients about the signs and symptoms of potential toxicity and the importance of regular blood tests to monitor lithium levels, ultimately addressing this significant risk associated with its use.